Fred Gehrke

Clarence Fred Gehrke (April 24, 1918 in Salt Lake City, Utah – February 9, 2002 in Palm Springs, California) was a National Football League running back for the Cleveland-Los Angeles Rams, San Francisco 49ers and Chicago Cardinals. from 1940 through 1950. He is best remembered for designing the Los Angeles Rams logo in 1948, which was the first painted on the helmets of an NFL team. He would later become the General Manager of the Denver Broncos from 1977 through 1981.

Early life and college
Gehrke was born and raised in Salt Lake City. As a youth, Fred would sneak into Utah Utes football games. He there developed a love for the sport. He attended South High School where he participated in swimming, track and field, and football. he graduated from high school in 1935 and then attended the University of Utah, where he majored in art.

During his time at Utah, he started at running back on offense and left cornerback on defense. He also returned punts and kickoffs.

Cleveland Rams and World War II
Fred entered the NFL as an undrafted rookie. He did land a try-out with the Cleveland Rams in 1940. He was awarded a spot on team after he returned a kickoff for a touchdown in a pre-season exhibition game. His first contract with Cleveland paid him $135.00 per game. However he did not play in many games that season due to Parker Hall, the NFL’s MVP in 1939, was the Rams' starting running back and his success kept Gehrke on the bench.

When the United States entered World War II in 1941, Gehrke reported for military service. However he was denied entry in the armed forces when military examiners noticed a operation scar across Gehrke's knee and he was immediately given 4F status. Gehrke appealed the decision by was still denied entry in the armed forces. Fred however did contribute to war effort by landed a job with Northrop Aircraft, which was based in California, as a technical illustrator and began helping with the design of airplanes.

In 1942, Gehrke joined the Hollywood Bears of the Pacific Coast Professional Football League, which at this time had a talent level considered to be on par with NFL, since many National Football League players were in the military stationed on the West Coast and others were working in war industries there. The players worked their jobs during the day and then worked out and played their games at night. Gehrke played for the Los Angeles Bulldogs in 1943 and the Los Angeles Wildcats in 1944.

Return to the NFL
Once the war ended in 1945, Gehrke returned to the Cleveland Rams. That season, the Rams won the 1945 NFL Championship Game by defeating the Washington Redskins 15-14. Gehrke led the NFL that year in both average rushing yards, with 6.3 yards per rush, and an average punt return of 15.0 yards. He was then named to Pro Football Illustrated ‘s All-Pro team. In 1946 the Rams relocated to Los Angeles. That season, Gehrke was named to Pro Football Illustrated ‘s All-NFL second team. He also repeated as the NFL's average rushing leader with 5.2 yards per carry. He also continued working at Northrup, since many players at the time took up jobs outside of football during the off-season. He would then take three months off to play professional football.

First helmet logo
In the mid-1940's Gehrke toyed with notion of painting a football helmet. Rams coach, Bob Snyder suggested that Fred paint a helmet with the ram horns on it that he could present to the team's owner Dan Reeves. Fred painted two ram horns on an old college helmet and presented the design to Reeves, who was intrigued by the design. Reeves then contacted the NFL for a ruling on legality of having a football helmet painted. It was reported that the answer Reeves received from NFL was "You're the owner; do what you want!" Reeves then tasked Gehrke to paint 75 helmets at $1.00 per helmet. The project took Gehrke the entire summer of 1948.

The newly painted helmets debuted during a pre-season match-up between the Rams and Redskins at the Los Angeles Coliseum before a crowd of 105,000. Upon seeing the new helmets the crowd began cheering which was followed by a five minute standing ovation. To this day, Gehrke's rams horn logo is still worn by the team. By 1949, the Riddell sporting goods company had created a plastic helmet, baking in Gehrke's design. Some observers of the 1950 NFL Championship Game said that the only way to tell the Rams and the Cleveland Browns apart in the initial low resolution coast-to-coast telecast was the distinctive horns on the Rams' helmets. Throughout the 1950s many pro and college teams began painting logos to their helmets.

The Pro Football Hall of Fame displays one of the original helmets, painted by Gehrke, along with the story behind it each year during Super Bowl Week. In logo innovation also earned Fred the Pro Football Hall of Fame's first Daniel F. Reeves Pioneer Award in 1972.

First facemask
Gehrke is also credited with developing the first helmet with a full facemask. He developed the face mask after having his nose broken 3 times during the 1946 season. He played the entire 1947 season with the facemask, which was made by Fred applying a clay mold to his face. Once the mask dried, he had a few of the machinists who were running the power stamping machines at Northrop, cover it with a sheet of aluminum. The manufactured piece of aluminum covered the nose and forehead, and rested on the cheekbones to bear the brunt of blows. Fred then took the mask to his grandfather, who covered it in leather. In order for Fred to get the helmet on, it was cut up the back and laces were weaved into it.

While the mask did protect Fred's face, it did obscure his vision on pass plays to the sides. He could only see the ball with one eye. However on punt returns his vision was unobstructed. He returned to using the traditional helmet the next season.

Retirement and broadcasting
Fred spent three more seasons with Rams. From 1945-1948, Fred beat out Tom Harmon and Les Horvath for the starting job at running back. Both men were Heisman Trophy winners. In 1950, he was traded to the Cardinals. In mid-season they traded him to the 49ers. He scored his last touchdown with San Francisco. By this time Fred was tired of the constant moving and traveling that came with being an NFL player. He retired as a player at the age of 31. Upon his retirement from pro football, Gehrke returned to Northrup and moved into an administrative post as head of the department. However he was still involved in football. On weekends he would assist his former roommate Tom Harmon, who was announcing San Francisco 49er and college football games. He held the job with Harmon for the next 13 seasons.

Denver Broncos and the USFL
In 1964, Gehrke was approached by Mac Speedie, a former Utah Utes football player who was now the coach of the American Football League's Denver Broncos, to become a pro scout for Denver. Fred repeatedly turned down the offer, but finally accepted the position. He then rose from personnel director to general manager to vice-president of the team.

In 1981 the team was sold to Edgar Kaiser, a Canadian businessmen who brought in his own personnel. Gehrke and Coach Red Miller were asked to resign. However Gehrke and Miller were hired by the Denver Gold of the United States Football League. But after three years the league folded and Gehrke's life in football finally came to an end.

Fred Gehrke died at his home in Palm Springs, California on February 9, 2002.