2002 NFL season

The 2002 NFL season was the 83rd regular season of the National Football League.

The league went back to an even number of teams, expanding to 32 teams with the addition of the Houston Texans. The clubs were then realigned into eight divisions, four teams in each. Also, the Chicago Bears played the 2002 season in Champaign, Illinois at Memorial Stadium because of the reconstruction of their home stadium Soldier Field.

The NFL title was eventually won by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers when they defeated the Oakland Raiders in Super Bowl XXXVII, the Super Bowl championship game, at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California on January 26.

Expansion and realignment
With the Houston Texans joining the NFL, the league's teams were realigned into eight divisions, four in each conference. In creating the new divisions, the league tried to maintain the historical rivalries from the old alignment, while at the same time attempting to organize the teams geographically.

The major changes were:
 * The Seattle Seahawks were the only team to switch conferences; moving from the AFC West to the NFC West (where they originally were in their first season in the league).
 * The Arizona Cardinals moved from the NFC East to the NFC West.
 * The Houston Texans, the Indianapolis Colts, the Jacksonville Jaguars, and the Tennessee Titans were placed into the newly formed AFC South.
 * The Atlanta Falcons, the Carolina Panthers, the New Orleans Saints, and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers were placed into the newly formed NFC South.
 * Both the AFC Central and the NFC Central were renamed AFC North and NFC North, respectively.

Additionally, the arrival of the Texans meant that the league could return to its pre-1999 scheduling format in which no team got a bye during the first two weeks or last seven weeks of the season. From 1999 to 2001, at least one team sat out each week (including the preseason) because of an odd number of teams in the league (this also happened in 1960, 1966, and other years wherein the league had an odd number of teams).

The league also introduced a new eight-year scheduling rotation designed so that all teams will play each other at least twice during those eight years, and will play in every other team's stadium at least once. Under the new scheduling formula, only two of a team's games each season are based on the previous year's record, down from four under the previous system (the previous system also used standings to determine interconference match-ups). An analysis of win percentages has shown a statistical trend upwards for top teams since this change; the top team each year now averages 14.2 wins, versus 13.4 previously.

The playoff format was also modified: four division winners and two wild cards from each conference now advance to the playoffs (changed from three division winners and three wild cards with the top wildcard hosting a playoff game). In each conference, the division winners are now seeded 1 through 4, and the wild cards are seeded 5 and 6. In the current system the only way a wildcard team can host a playoff game is if both win out into their league's Championship Game. In that scenario the #5 seed would host the game on its field. It is impossible for the #6 seed to host a playoff game (unless the team's stadium hosts the Super Bowl that year).

Major rule changes

 * A player who touches a pylon remains in-bounds until any part of his body touches the ground out-of-bounds.
 * Continuing-action fouls now become dead-ball fouls and will result in the loss of down and distance.
 * Any dead-ball penalties by the offense after they have made the line to gain will result in a loss of 15 yards and a new first down. Previously, the 15 yard penalty was enforced but the down was replayed.
 * The act of batting and stripping the ball from a player is officially legal.
 * Chop-blocks are illegal on kicking plays.
 * Hitting a quarterback helmet-to-helmet anytime after a change of possession is illegal.
 * After a kickoff, the game clock will start when the ball is touched legally in the field of play. Previously, the clock started immediately when the ball was kicked.
 * Inside the final two minutes of a half, the game clock will not stop when the player who originally takes the snap is tackled behind the line of scrimmage (i.e. sacked).

Also, with the opening of the NFL's first stadium with a retractable roof, Reliant Stadium, the following rules were enacted:
 * The home team must determine whether their retractable roof is to be opened or closed 90 minutes before kickoff
 * If it is closed at kickoff, it cannot be reopened during the game
 * If it is open at kickoff, it cannot be closed during the game unless the weather conditions become severe

Uniform changes
In addition, Reebok took over the contract to be the official athletic supplier to the NFL for all 32 teams's uniforms. Previously, teams had individual contracts with athletic suppliers. American Needle, which had a contract with a few teams before the Reebok deal, challenged the NFL in court over Reebok's exclusive deal, with the NFL effectively stating that it was a "single-entity league" instead of a group consisting of 32 owners. The case eventually went all the way to the Supreme Court of the United States. In 2009, the Supreme Court agreed to hear American Needle, Inc. v. National Football League. In 2010, the court ruled that the NFL is not a single entity. The legality of the NFL's exclusive contract with Reebok is still in question by the lower courts as of October 2010. Reebok will remain the league's athletic supplier through the 2011 NFL season, when Nike will take over the contract.

Reebok had initially announced when the deal was signed in 2000 that aside from the expansion Texans, all NFL teams would be wearing new uniforms for the 2002 season. However, after protests from several owners—most vocally Pittsburgh Steelers owner Dan Rooney --Reebok later rescinded the proposal. Reebok did, however (by player request to reduce holding calls), shorten the sleeves on the jerseys for teams that hadn't done so already (players had been for the previous decade tying the sleeves tight around their arms to prevent holding) and made the jerseys tighter-fitting. This is perhaps most noticeable on the Indianapolis Colts jerseys, where the shoulder stripes, which initially went from the top of the shoulders all the way underneath the arms, were truncated to just the top portion of the shoulders. This did not affect jerseys sold for retail, though, although special "authentic, gameday-worn" jerseys with the shorter sleeves are available at a much higher premium. Reebok later had more success convincing teams to change uniforms with the NHL when Reebok introduced the Rbk Edge uniforms for the 2007–08 NHL season.

Although Reebok rescinded the idea of all NFL teams wearing new uniforms for the 2002 season, the Buffalo Bills and Seattle Seahawks did redesign their uniforms, with the Seahawks also unveiling an updated logo in honor of their move to Qwest Field and the NFC.

2002 NFL Changes

 * Buffalo Bills – New Uniforms that would be worn through the 2010 season.
 * Washington Redskins – Added an alternative home Uniforms. Burgundy helmets with bow and arrow logo. Burgundy uniforms with white numbers with gold pants. 70th season logo on uniform.
 * New England Patriots – New stadium; Gillette Stadium
 * Detroit Lions – New stadium; Ford Field
 * Houston Texans – New Expansion Team.
 * Seattle Seahawks – New Logo. New Uniforms. New Stadium; Qwest Field. And in a new conference the NFC.
 * Chicago Bears – Played in Memorial Stadium in Champaign, IL while Soldier Field was being remodeled for the season.
 * San Diego Chargers – Navy pants with road uniforms.
 * St.Louis Rams – Removed side panels on uniforms.
 * Cleveland Browns – Added third alternative uniforms. Orange uniforms with white number with brown shadow in the back.
 * Carolina Panthers – Added third alternative uniforms. Panther blue with white number and black trim.
 * New Orleans Saints – Added third alternative uniforms. Old gold uniforms with black numbers and white trim. Brought back old gold pants.
 * Denver Broncos – Added third alternative uniforms. Orange.

Coaching changes

 * Carolina Panthers – John Fox; replaced George Seifert who was fired following the 2001 season
 * Houston Texans – Dom Capers became first head coach in Texans history.
 * Indianapolis Colts – Tony Dungy; replaced Jim Mora who was fired following the 2001 season
 * Oakland Raiders – Bill Callahan; replaced Jon Gruden who was traded to Tampa for two 1st round draft picks, two 2nd round draft picks and cash.
 * San Diego Chargers – Marty Schottenheimer; replaced Mike Riley who was fired following the 2001 season
 * Tampa Bay Buccaneers – Jon Gruden; replaced Tony Dungy who was fired following the 2001 season
 * Washington Redskins – Steve Spurrier; replaced Marty Schottenheimer who was fired following the 2001 season

Final regular season standings
W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, PCT = Winning Percentage, PF= Points For, PA = Points Against

Clinched playoff seeds are marked in parentheses and shaded in green

Tiebreakers

 * N.Y. Jets finished ahead of New England in the AFC East based on better record in common games (8–4 to 7–5) and Miami based on better division record (4–2 to 2–4).
 * New England finished ahead of Miami in the AFC East based on better division record (4–2 to 2–4).
 * Cleveland clinched the AFC 6 seed instead of Denver or New England based on better conference record (7–5 to Denver's 5–7 and New England's 6–6).
 * Oakland clinched the AFC 1 seed instead of Tennessee based on a head-to-head victory.
 * San Diego finished ahead of Kansas City in the AFC West based on better division record (3–3 to 2–4).
 * Philadelphia clinched the NFC 1 seed instead of Green Bay or Tampa Bay based on better conference record (11–1 to Green Bay's 9–3 and Tampa Bay's 9–3).
 * Tampa Bay clinched the NFC 2 seed instead of Green Bay on a head-to-head victory.
 * St. Louis finished ahead of Seattle in the NFC West based on better division record (4–2 to 2–4).

Milestones
The following teams and players set all-time NFL records during the season: